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API 5L Pipe Standard Scope

 

In API SPEC 5L 46th Edition, the standard scope is defined as: "Requirements for the manufacture of two product specification levels (PSL1 and PSL2) of seamless and welded steel pipes for use in pipeline transportation systems in the petroleum and natural gas industries. This standard does not apply to cast pipe."

 

To summarize, API 5L pipe is the carbon steel pipe applied to the oil and gas transmission system. Meanwhile, other fluids such as steam, water, and slurry can also adopt the API 5L standard for their transmission purposes.

 

Different Manufacturing Types

 

API 5L specification covers the manufacturing types in welded and seamless.

 

Welded Type: ERW, SAW, DSAW, LSAW, SSAW, HSAW Pipe

 

The API 5L welded pipe common types are as follows:

 

ERW

Electric Resistance Welded, for pipe diameter normally under 24 inches.

01

DSAW/SAW

Double Submerged Arc Welding / Submerged Arc Welding, a substitute welding method of ERW for larger diameter pipes.

02

LSAW

Longitudinal SAW, for diameter up to 48 inches. Also called the JCOE manufacturing process.

03

SSAW/HSAW

Spiral Submerged Arc Welded / Helical SAW, pipe diameters up to 100 inches.

04

Check here for the differences between the ERW, LSAW, and SSAW pipes.

 

Seamless Type: Hot Rolled Seamless and Cold Rolled Seamless Pipe

 

Seamless manufacturing type is usually for small diameter pipes (typically under 24 inches).

 

(When the pipe diameter is less than 150 mm or 6 inches, the seamless steel pipe is more commonly applied than the welded steel pipe.)

There are also seamless pipes of large diameters. By using hot rolled manufacturing process, we can get seamless pipes with diameters up to almost 20 inches (508 mm). If you need seamless pipes with diameters above 20 inches, we can make them through hot expanding process, with maximum diameters up to 40 inches (1016 mm).

 

API 5L Pipe Manufacturing Development

 

In the earliest years, besides Seamless and ERW, SAW manufacturing technologies, the API 5L steel pipe also could be produced in furnace lap-welded (deleted in API 5L in 1962).

 

With the development of pipeline steel plate-making technology, pipe forming and welding technology has also seen significant improvement, so a lot of ERW pipes and SAW pipes have been used in pipeline constructions. When it comes to big-diameter steel pipes, SAW pipe gains a great advantage. With less raw material cost and simplified and uniform production procedures, welded steel pipe has taken the first place in oil and gas line pipe industries.

 

API 5L covers Grade B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80

 

API 5L steel line pipe adopts different steel grades, which are Gr. B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80. Some manufacturers are capable of manufacturing steel grades up to X100 and X120. As steel line pipes' grades go higher, they have stricter control on the carbon equivalent control and higher mechanical strength performance.

 

Moreover, in the same grade, seamless and welded API 5L pipes have different chemical compositions, namely, welded pipes have stricter requirements and lower amounts of carbon and sulfur.

 

In terms of different delivery conditions, there are also As-rolled, normalizing rolled, thermomechanical rolled, normalizing formed, normalized, normalized and tempered, quenched and tempered.

 

Size Of API 5L Line Pipe

 

Nominal Pipe Size(NPS) Outside Diameter Nominal Wall Thickness
DN Inch mm SCH5S SCH10S SCH10 SCH20 SCH30 SCH40 SCH60 SCH80 SCH100 SCH120 SCH140 SCH160 STD XS XXS
6 1/8" 10.3 - 1.24 - - - 1.73 - 2.42 - - - - 1.73 2.41 -
8 1/4" 13.7 - 1.65 - - - 2.24 - 3.02 - - - - 2.24 3.02 -
10 3/8" 17.1 - 1.65 - - - 2.31 - 3.2 - - - - 2.31 3.2 -
15 1/2" 21.3 1.65 2.11 - - - 2.77 - 3.73 - - - 4.78 2.77 3.73 7.47
20 3/4" 26.7 1.65 2.11 - - - 2.87 - 3.91 - - - 5.56 2.87 3.91 7.82
25 1" 33.4 1.65 2.77 - - - 3.38 - 4.55 - - - 6.35 3.38 4.55 9.09
32 11/4" 42.2 1.65 2.77 - - - 3.56 - 4.85 - - - 6.35 3.58 4.85 9.7
40 11/2" 48.3 1.65 2.77 - - - 3.68 - 5.05 - - - 7.14 3.68 5.08 10.15
50 2" 60.3 1.65 2.77 - - - 3.91 - 5.54 - - - 8.74 3.91 5.54 11.07
65 21/2" 73 2.11 3.05 - - - 5.16 - 7.01 - - - 9.53 5.16 7.01 14.02
80 3" 88.9 2.11 3.05 - - - 5.49 - 7.62 - - - 11.13 5.49 7.52 15.24
90 31/2" 101.6 2.11 3.05 - - - 5.74 - 8.08 - - - - 5.74 8.08 -
100 4" 114.3 2.11 3.05 - - - 6.02 - 8.58 - 11.13 - 13.49 6.02 8.56 17.12
125 5" 141.3 2.77 3.4 - - - 6.55 - 9.53 - 12.7 - 15.88 6.55 9.53 18.05
150 6" 168.3 2.77 3.4 - - - 7.11 - 10.97 - 14.27 - 18.26 7.11 10.97 21.95
200 8" 219.1 2.77 3.76 - 6.35 7.04 8.18 10.31 12.7 15.09 18.26 20.62 23.01 8.18 12.7 22.23
250 10" 273.1 3.4 4.19   6.35 7.8 9.27 12.7 15.09 18.26 21.44 25.4 28.58 9.27 12.7 25.4
300 12" 323.9 3.96 4.57 - 6.35 8.38 10.31 14.27 17.48 21.44 25.4 28.58 33.32 9.53 12.7 25.4
350 14" 355.6 3.96 4.78 6.35 7.92 9.53 11.13 15.09 19.05 23.83 27.79 31.75 35.71 9.53 12.7 -
400 16" 406.4 4.19 4.78 6.35 7.92 9.53 12.7 16.66 21.44 26.19 30.96 36.53 40.49 9.53 12.7 -
450 18" 457.2 4.19 4.78 6.35 7.92 11.13 14.27 19.05 23.83 29.36 34.93 39.67 45.24 9.53 12.7 -
500 20" 508 4.78 5.54 6.35 9.53 12.7 15.09 20.62 26.19 32.54 38.1 44.45 50.01 9.53 12.7 -
550 22" 558.8 4.78 5.54 6.35 9.53 12.7 - 22.23 28.58 34.93 41.28 47.63 53.98 9.53 12.7 -
600 24" 609.6 5.54 6.35 6.35 9.53 14.27 17.48 24.61 30.96 38.89 46.02 52.37 59.54 9.53 12.7 -
650 26" 660.4 - - 7.92 12.7 - - - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
700 28" 711.2 - - 7.92 12.7 15.88 - - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
750 30" 762 6.35 7.92 7.92 12.7 15.88 - - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
800 32" 812.8 - - 7.92 12.7 15.88 17.48 - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
850 34" 863.6 - - 7.92 12.7 15.88 17.48 - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
900 36" 914.4 - - 7.92 12.7 15.88 19.05 - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
950 38" 965.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
1000 40" 1016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
1050 42" 1066.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
1100 44" 1117.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
1150 46" 1168.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9.53 12.7 -
1200 48" 1219.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

 

Delivery Conditions for Each API 5L Grade

 

Table 1-Pipe Grade and Steel Grades,and Acceptable Delivery Conditions
PSL Delivery Condition Pipe Grade/Steel
Grade a,b
PSL1 As-rolled, normalizing rolled, normalized or normalizing formed L175 or A25
L175P or A25P
L210 or A
As-rolled, normalizing rolled, thermomechanical rolled, thermomechanical formed, normalizing formed, normalized, normalized and tempered; or, if agreed, quenched and tempered for SMLS pipe only L245 or B
As-rolled, normalizing rolled, thermomechanical rolled, thermomechanical formed, normalizing formed, normalized, normalized and tempered or quenched and tempered L290 or X42
L320 or X46
L360 or X52
L390 or X56
L415 or X60
L450 or X65
L485 or X70
PSL 2 As-rolled L245R or BR
L290R or X42R
Normalizing rolled, normalizing formed, normalized or normalized and tempered L290R or BN
L290N or X42N
L320N or X46N
L360N or X52N
L390N or X56N
L415N or X60N
Quenched and tempered L245Q or BQ
L290Q or X42Q
L320Q or X46Q
L360Q or X52Q
L390Q or X56Q
L415Q or X60Q
L450Q or X65Q
L485Q or X70Q
L555Q or X80Q
L625Q or X90Qc
L690Q or X100Qc
Thermomechanical rolled or thermomechanical formed L245M or BM
L290M or X42M
L320M or X46M
L360M or X52M
L390M or X56M
L415M or X60M
L450M or X65M
L485M or X70M
L555M or X80M
Thermomechanical rolled L625M or X90M
L690M or X100M
L830M or X120M
a.For intermediate grades, the steel grade shall be in one of the following formats: (1) The letter L followed by the specified minimum yield strength in MPa and, for PSL2 pipe, the letter deseribing the delivery condition (R, N, Q or M) consistent with the above formats. (2) The letter X followed by a two or three digit number equal to the specified minimum yield strength in 1000 psi rounded down to the nearest integer and, for PSL 2 pipe, the letter describing the delivery condition (R, N, Q or M) consistent with the above formats.
b.The suffix (R, N, O or M) for PSL2 grades belongs to the steel grade.
c.Seamless only.

 

Acceptable Process of Manufacture and PSLs
Type of Pipe or
Pipe End		 PSL 1 Pipe Grade a PSL2 Pipe Gradea
L175 or
A25b		 L175P or
A25Pb		 L210 or
A		 L245 or
B		 L290 or X42 to
L485 or X70		 L245 or B to L555 or
X80		 >L555 or
X80 to L690 or X100		 >L690 or X100 to
L830 or X120
Type of Pipe
SMLS X X X X X X X -
CW X X - - - - - -
LFW X - X X X - - -
HFW X - X X X X - -
LW - - - - X - - -
SAWLC - - X X X X X X
SAWHd - - X X X X X X
COWLC - - X X X X - -
COWHd - - X X X X - -
Type of Pipe End
Belled ende X - X X X - - -
Plain end X - X X X X X X
Plain end for special
coupling		 X - X X - - - -
Threaded endf X X X X - - - -
·a Intermediate grades are available if agreed,but limited to grades higher than Grade L290 orX42
·b Grades L175,L175P,A25,and A25P are limited to pipe with D≤141.3 mm(5.563 in.)
·c Double-seam pipe is available if agreed,but limited to pipe with D≥914 mm(36.000 in.)
·d Helical seam pipe is limited to pipe with D≥114.3mm(4.500 in.)
·e Belled-end pipe is limited to pipe withD≤219.1mm(8.625in.)andt≤3.6mm(0.141in)
·f Threaded-end pipe is limited to SMLS and lonaitudinal seam welded pipe with D≤508mm(20.000 in)

Chemical Composition

 

Chemical composition for PSL1 line pipe with wall thickness ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 inches)

 

Chemical Composition for PSL 1 Pipe with t ≤ 25.0mm(0.984 in.)
Steel Grade
(Steel Name)		 Mass Fraction, Based on Heat and Product Analyses a,g%
C Mn P S V Nb Ti
max b max b max max max max max
Seamless Pipe
L175 or A25 0.21 0.6 0.03 0.03 – – –
L175P or A25P 0.21 0.6 0.08 0.03 – – –
L210 or A 0.22 0.9 0.03 0.03 – – –
L245 or B 0.28 1.2 0.03 0.03 c,d c,d d
L290 or X42 0.28 1.3 0.03 0.03 d d d
L320 or X46 0.28 1.4 0.03 0.03 d d d
L360 or X52 0.28 1.4 0.03 0.03 d d d
L390 or X56 0.28 1.4 0.03 0.03 d d d
L415 or X60 0.28 e 1.40 e 0.03 0.03 f f f
L450 or X65 0.28 e 1.40 e 0.03 0.03 f f f
L485 or X70 0.28 e 1.40 e 0.03 0.03 f f f
Welded Pipe
L175 or A25 0.21 0.6 0.03 0.03 – – –
L175P or A25P 0.21 0.6 0.08 0.03 – – –
L210 or A 0.22 0.9 0.03 0.03 – – –
L245 or B 0.26 1.2 0.03 0.03 c,d c,d d
L290 or X42 0.26 1.3 0.03 0.03 d d d
L320 or X46 0.26 1.4 0.03 0.03 d d d
L360 or X52 0.26 1.4 0.03 0.03 d d d
L390 or X56 0.26 1.4 0.03 0.03 d d d
L415 or X60 0.26 e 1.40 e 0.03 0.03 f f f
L450 or X65 0.26 e 1.45 e 0.03 0.03 f f f
L485 or X70 0.26e 1.65 e 0.03 0.03 f f f
a. Cu ≤0.50% ; Ni≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50%; and Mo ≤ 0.15%,
b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum concentration for carbon, an increase of 0.05% above the specified maximum concentration for Mn is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.65% for grades ≥ L245 or B, but ≤ L360 or X52; up to a maximum of 1.75% for grades > L360 or X52, but < L485 or X70; and up to a maximum of 2.00% for grade L485 or X70.
c. Unless otherwise agreed, Nb + V ≤ 0.06%,
d. Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%,
e. Unless otherwise agreed.
f. Unless otherwise agreed, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%.
g. No deliberate addition of B is permitted and the residual B ≤ 0.001%

 

API 5L PSL2 Pipe chemical properties

 

 

Chemical Composition for PSL 2 Pipe with t ≤ 25.0mm(0.984 in.)
Steel Grade
(Steel Name)		 Mass Fraction, Based on Heat and Product Analyses
% maximum		 Carbon Equivalent a %max
Cb Si Mnb P S V Nb Ti Other CE IIW CE Pcm
Seamless and Welded Pipe
L245R or BR 0.24 0.40 1.2 0.025 0.015 c c 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L290R or X42R 0.24 0.40 1.2 0.025 0.015 0.06 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L245N or BN 0.24 0.40 1.2 0.025 0.015 c c 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L290N or X42N 0.24 0.40 1.2 0.025 0.015 0.06 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L320N or X46N 0.24 0.40 1.4 0.025 0.015 0.07 0.05 0.04 d,e,l 0.43 0.25
L360N or X52N 0.24 0.45 1.4 0.025 0.015 0.1 0.05 0.04 d,e,l 0.43 0.25
L390N or X56N 0.24 0.45 1.4 0.025 0.015 0.10f 0.05 0.04 d,e,l 0.43 0.25
L415N or X60N 0.24f 0.45f 1.4f 0.025 0.015 0.10f 0.05f 0.04f g,h,l As agreed
L245Q or BQ 0.18 0.45 1.4 0.025 0.015 0.05 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L290Q or X42Q 0.18 0.45 1.4 0.025 0.015 0.05 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L320Q or X46Q 0.18 0.45 1.4 0.025 0.015 0.05 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L360Q or X52Q 0.18 0.45 1.5 0.025 0.015 0.05 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L390Q or X56Q 0.18 0.45 1.5 0.025 0.015 0.07 0.05 0.04 d,e,l 0.43 0.25
L415Q or X60Q 0.18f 0.45f 1.7f 0.025 0.015 g g g h,l 0.43 0.25
L450Q or X65Q 0.18f 0.45f 1.7f 0.025 0.015 g g g h,l 0.43 0.25
L485Q or X70Q 0.18f 0.45f 1.8f 0.025 0.015 g g g h,l 0.43 0.25
L555Q or X80Q 0.18f 0.45f 1.9f 0.025 0.015 g g g i,j As agreed
L625Q or X90Q 0.16f 0.45f 1.9f 0.02 0.01 g g g j,k As agreed
L690Q or X100Q 0.16f 0.45f 1.9f 0.02 0.01 g g g j,k As agreed
Welded Pipe
L245M or B 0.22 0.45 1.2 0.025 0.015 0.05 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L290M or X42 0.22 0.45 1.3 0.025 0.015 0.05 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L320M or X46 0.22 0.45 1.3 0.025 0.015 0.05 0.05 0.04 e,l 0.43 0.25
L360M or X52 0.22 0.45 1.4 0.025 0.015 d d d e,l 0.43 0.25
L390 or X56M 0.22 0.45 1.4 0.025 0.015 d d d e,l 0.43 0.25
L415 or X60M 0.12f 0.45 1.60f 0.025 0.015 g g g h,l 0.43 0.25
L450 or X65M 0.12f 0.45 1.60f 0.025 0.015 g g g h,l 0.43 0.25
L485M or X70M 0.12f 0.45 1.70f 0.025 0.015 g g g h,l 0.43 0.25
L555M or X80M 0.12f 0.45 1.85f 0.025 0.015 g g g i,l 0.43f 0.25
L625 or X90M 0.1 0.55 2.10f 0.02 0.01 g g g i,l   0.25
L690M or X100M 0.1 0.55 2.10f 0.02 0.01 g g g i,j   0.25
L830M or X120M 0.1 0.55 2.10f 0.02 0.01 g g g i,j   0.25
a. SMLS t>0.787", CE limits shall be as agreed. The CEIIW limits applied fi C > 0.12% and the CEPcm limits apply if C ≤ 0.12%.
b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum for C, an increase of 0.05% above the specified maximum for Mn is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.65% for grades ≥ L245 or B, but ≤ L360 or X52; up to a maximum of 1.75% for grades > L360 or X52, but < L485 or X70; up to a maximum of 2.00% for grades ≥ L485 or X70, but ≤ L555 or X80; and up to a maximum of 2.20% for grades > L555 or X80.,
c. Unless otherwise agreed Nb + V ≤ 0.06%.
d. Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%.
e. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% and Mo ≤ 0.15%.
f. Unless otherwise agreed.
g. Unless otherwise agreed, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%,
h. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%, Ni ≤ 0.50%, Cr ≤ 0.50% and Mo ≤ 0.50%.
i. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%, Ni ≤ 1.00%, Cr ≤ 0.50% and Mo ≤ 0.50%.
j. B ≤ 0.004%.
k. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%, Ni ≤ 1.00%, Cr ≤ 0.55% and Mo ≤ 0.80%.
l. For all PSL 2 pipe grades except those grades to with footnotes j already applies, the following applies. Unless otherwise agreed no intentional addition of B is permitted and residual B ≤ 0.001%.

 

Tensile and Yield strength

 

API 5L PSL 1 pipe Mechanical properties

Tensile strength, Yield strength, Elongation

 

Mechanical properties
Pipe Grade Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 1 Weld seam of EW,LW,SSAW and COW pipes
Yield Strength a Tensile Strength a Elongation Tensile Strength b
Rt0,5
MPa (psi), mi		 Rm
MPa (psi), min		 (in 2in Af % min) Rm
MPa (psi), min
L175 or A25 175(25400) 310(45000) C 310(45000)
L175P or A25P 175(25400) 310(45000) C 310(45000)
L210 or A 210(30500) 335(48600) C 335(48600)
L245 or B 245(35500) 415(60200) C 415(60200)
L290 or X42 290(42100) 415(60200) C 415(60200)
L320 or X46 320(46400) 435(63100) C 435(63100)
L360 or X52 360(52200) 460(66700) C 460(66700)
L390 or X56 390(56600) 490 (71100) C 490(71100)
L415 or X60 415(60200) 520(75400) C 520(75400)
L450 or X65 450(65300) 535(77600) C 535(77600)
L485 or X70 485(70300) 570(82700) C 570(82700)
a. For intermediate grades, the difference between the specified minimum tensile strength and the specified minimum yield strength
for the pipe body shall be as given for the next higher grade.
b. For the intermediate grades, the specified minimum tensile strength for the weld seam shall be the same value as was determined for the
pipe body using footnote a).

c. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be as determined using the following equation: 

 

page-112-55
Where:
C is 1 940 for calculation using SI units and 625 000 for calculation using USC units;

Axc is the applicable tensile test piece cross-sectional area, expressed in square millimeters (square inches) , as follows:
– for circular cross-section test pieces, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) for 12.7 mm (0.500 in) and 8.9 mm (0.350 in) diameter test pieces;
and 65 mm2 (0.10 in2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter test pieces;
– for full-section test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified
outside diameter and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)
– for strip test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified width
of the test piece and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)

U is the specified minimum tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (pounds per square inch)

 

API 5L PSL 2 Pipe Mechanical Properties(Tensile Strength, Yield Strength, Elongation)

 

 

Pipe Grade Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 2 Weld seam of EW,LW,SAW and COW pipes
Yield Strength a Tensile Strength a Ratio a,c Elongation Tensile Strength b
Rt0,5 psi Min Rm psi Min Rt0,5/Rm (2in) Af% Rm (psi)
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Maximum Minimum Minimum
L245R or BR
L245N or BN
L245Qor BQ
L245M or BM		 245
(35500)		 450e
(65300)e		 415
(60200)		 655(95000) 0.93 f 415
(60200)
L290R or X42R
L290N or X42N
L290Q or X42Q
L290M or X42M		 290
(42100)		 495
(71800)		 415
(60200)		 655(95000) 0.93 f 415
(60200)
L320N or X46N
L320Q or X46Q
L320M or X46M		 320
(46400)		 525
(76100)		 435
(63100)		 655(95000) 0.93 f 435
(63100)
L360N or X52N
L360Q or X52Q
L360M or X52M		 360
(52200)		 530
(76900)		 460
(66700)		 760
(110200)		 0.93 f 460
(66700)
L390N or X56N
L390Q or X56Q
L390M or X56M		 390
(56600)		 545
(79000)		 490
(71100)		 760
(110200)		 0.93 f 490
(71100)
L415N or X60N
L415Qor X60Q
L415M or X60M		 415
(60200)		 565
(81900)		 520
(75400)		 760
(110200)		 0.93 f 520
(75400)
L450Q or X65Q
L450M or X65M		 450
(65300)		 600
(87000)		 535
(77600)		 760
(110200)		 0.93 f 535
(77600)
L485Q or X70Q
L485M or X70M		 485
(70300)		 635
(92100)		 570
(82700)		 760
(110200)		 0.93 f 570
(82700)
L555Qor X80Q
L555M or X80M		 555
(80500)		 705
(102300)		 625
(90600)		 825
(119700)		 0.93 f 625
(90600)
L625M or X90M 625
(90600)		 775
(112400)		 695
(100800)		 915
(132700)		 0.95 f 695
(100800)
L625Q or X90Q 625
(90600)		 775
(112400)		 695
(100800)		 915
(132700)		 0.97g f 695
(100800)
L690M or X100M 690b
(100100)		 840b
(121800)		 760
(110200)		 990
(143600)		 0.97h f 760
(110200)
L690Q or X100Q 690b
(100100)b		 840b
(121800)b		 760
(110200)		 990
(143600)		 0.97h f 760
(110200)
L830M or X120M 830b
(120400)b		 1050b
(152300)b		 915
(132700)		 1145
(166100)		 0.99h f 915
(132700)
a.For intermediate grades, the difference between the specified maximum yield strength and the specified minimum yield strength shall be as given in the table for the next higher grade, and the ditierence belween the specified minimum tensile strength and the specified minimum yield strength shall be as given in the table for the next higher grade. For intermediate grades up to Grade L320 or X46, the tensile strength shall be≤ 655 MPa (95 000 psi). For intermediate grades greater than Grade L320 or X46 and lower than Grade L555 or X80, the tensile strength shall bes≤760 MPa (110 200 psi).For intermediate grades higher than Grade L555 or X80 the maximum permissible tensile strength shall be obtained by interpolation. For Sl units, the calculated value shall be rounded to the nearest 5MPa. For USC units, the calculated value shall be rounded to the nearest 100 psi.
b.For grades >L625 or X90, Rp0.2 applies.
c.This limit applies for pipe with D> 323.9 mm (12.750 in).
e.For pipe requiring longitudinal testing, the maximum yield strength shall be≤495 MPa (71 800 psi).

f.The specified minimum elongation, Af, shall be as determined using the following equation:

 

page-113-55

Where:
C is 1 940 for calculation using SI units and 625 000 for calculation using USC units;

Axc is the applicable tensile test piece cross-sectional area, expressed in square millimeters (square inches) , as follows:
– for circular cross-section test pieces, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) for 12.7 mm (0.500 in) and 8.9 mm (0.350 in) diameter test pieces;
and 65 mm2 (0.10 in2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter test pieces;
– for full-section test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified
outside diameter and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)
– for strip test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified width
of the test piece and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)

U is the specified minimum tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (pounds per square inch)

 

API 5L Line Pipe Test Methods

Hydrostatic Test

Jointers need not be hydrostatically level, provided that the portions of pipe used in making the jointers were successfully hydrostatically tested prior to the joining operation.

Except in the previous situation, the pipe shall withstand the hydrostatic test without leakage through the weld seam or the pipe body.

Bend test

 

Cracks should not occur in any part of the sample and opening of weld shall not occur as well.

 

Please Note: For all bend tests, the weld extends to 6.4 mm (0.25 in) on each side of fusion line.

 

Flattening Test

 

The flattening test method is used to verify the deformation performance of line pipe to the specified size and display its defects. According to the stress and deformation characteristics of the specimen during the flattening process, the flattening test shall show the resistance to longitudinal cracking and circumferential cracking of the pipe and display its internal defects and surface defects.

 

Other than the above three common tests, there are other tests that are required in each circumstance.

 

Guided-bend test

 

CVN impact test for PSL2 pipe (including pipe body tests, pipe weld and HAZ tests)

 

DWT test for PSL2 welded pipe

 

Surface Conditions, Imperfections and Defects Appearances

 

All API 5L pipes shall be free from defects, cracks, sweats and leaks.

 

More defects as:

 

Undercuts in SAW and COW pipes.

Arc burns

Laminations

Geometric deviations

Hard spots

Other surface imperfections (Defects depth more than 0.125 thickness or ≤ 0.125 wall thickness refers to Clauses C in API 5L.)

 

API 5L Pipe Tolerances Outside Diameter, Out of roundness and wall thickness

 

 

Specified Outside Diameter D (in)

Diameter Tolerance, inches d

Out-of-Roundness Tolerance in

Pipe except the end a

Pipe end a,b,c

Pipe except the End a

Pipe End a,b,c

SMLS Pipe

Welded Pipe

SMLS Pipe

Welded Pipe

< 2.375

-0.031 to + 0.016

- 0.031 to + 0.016

0.048

0.036

≥2.375 to 6.625

+/- 0.0075D

- 0.016 to + 0.063

0.020D for

page-41-52

By agreement for page-38-26

0.015D for

page-41-52

By agreement for page-38-26

>6.625 to 24.000

+/- 0.0075D

+/- 0.0075D, but max of 0.125

+/- 0.005D, but max of 0.063

0.020D

0.015D

>24 to 56

+/- 0.01D

+/- 0.005D but max of 0.160

+/- 0.079

+/- 0.063

0.015D for but max of 0.060

For page-38-26

By agreement

for page-38-26

0.01D for but max of 0.500

For page-38-26

By agreement

for page-38-26

>56

As agreed

The pipe end includes a length of 4 in ate each of the pipe extremities

For SMLS pipe the tolerance apply for t≤0.984in and the tolerances for the thicker pipe shall be as agreed

For expanded pipe with D≥8.625in and for non-expanded pipe, the diameter tolerance and the out-of-roundness tolerance may be determined using the calculated inside diameter or measured inside diameter rather than the specified OD.

For determining compliance to diameter tolerance, the pipe diameter is defined as the circumference of the pipe in any circumferential plane divide by Pi.

 

Wall thickness

t inches

Tolerances a

inches

SMLS pipe b

≤ 0.157

+ 0.024 / - 0.020

0.157 to < 0.948

+ 0.150t / - 0.125t

≥ 0.984

+ 0.146 or + 0.1t, whichever is the greater

- 0.120 or – 0.1t, whichever is the greater

Welded pipe c,d

≤ 0.197

+/- 0.020

> 0.197 to < 0.591

+/- 0.1t

≥ 0.591

+/- 0.060

If the purchase order specifies a minus tolerance for wall thickness smaller than the applicable value given in this table, the plus tolerance for wall thickness shall be increased by an amount sufficient to maintain the applicable tolerance range.

For pipe with D≥ 14.000 in and t≥0.984in, the wall thickness tolerance locally may exceed the plus tolerance for wall thickness by an additional 0.05t provided that the plus tolerance for mass is not exceeded.

The plus tolerance for wall thickens does not apply to the weld area

See the full API5L spec for full details

 

 

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