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Brief Introduction
API 5L STEEL PIPE
Standard: API 5L
The Wall Thickness Tolerance: ±5%
Length: normally 5.8m, 6m, 12m or as your required
Surface Treatment: Bare Finish, Painting, Oiling, Galvanzation, 3PE, FBE coated......
1. API 5L standard overview
- Formulation body: American Petroleum Institute (API)
- Applicable fields: oil and gas pipelines (onshore and subsea), hydraulic engineering and other fluid transportation.
- Latest version: API Specification 5L (2020 version), international general, China GB/T 9711 corresponding.
2. Common steel pipe types
Straight seam welded pipe, LSAW, steel plate welded into pipe. High precision, suitable for high pressure pipelines.
Spiral welded pipe, SSAW, spiral coil welding of steel strip. Low cost, large diameter suitable.
3. Dimensions and specifications
- Outer diameter range: 4.25" (108 mm) to 48" (1219 mm)
- Wall thickness: Sch40s to Sch160s (US standard), corresponding to the national standard DN150 to DN1200.
- Standard length: 12 m (40 ft) or on demand.
4. Key production requirements
- Chemical composition: Control carbon equivalent (Ceq) to prevent brittleness
- Mechanical properties: tensile strength (≥485 MPa), yield strength (≥370 MPa), impact toughness.
Test standard:
- Hydraulic test (API 5L Section 9)
- Non-destructive testing (UT/RT/RM)
- Weld heat treatment (if necessary)
Chemical Composition
| Grade | Chemical composition analysis of psl2 steel pipe t≤25mm | ||||
| Cb | Si | Mn | P | S | |
| Seamless pipe and welded pipe | |||||
| L245R/BR | 0.24 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L290R/X42R | 0.24 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L245N/BN | 0.24 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L290N/X42N | 0.24 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L320N/X46N | 0.24 | 0.40 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L360N/X52N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L390N/X56N | 0.24 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L415N/X60N | 0.24f | 0.45 | 1.40f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L245Q/BQ | 0.18 | 0.45f | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L290Q/X42Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L320Q/X46Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L360Q/X52Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.50 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L390Q/X56Q | 0.18 | 0.45 | 1.50 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L415Q/X60Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L450Q/X65Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L485Q/X70Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.80f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L555Q/X80Q | 0.18f | 0.45f | 1.90f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L625Q/X90Q | 0.16f | 0.45f | 1.90 | 0.020 | 0.010 |
| L690Q/X100Q | 0.16f | 0.45f | 1.90 | 0.020 | 0.010 |
| welded pipe | |||||
| L245M/BM | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.20 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L290M/X42M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.30 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L320M/X46M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.30 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L360M/X52M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L390M/X56M | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L415M/X60M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.60f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L450M/X65M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.60f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L485M/X70M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.70f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L555M/X80M | 0.12f | 0.45f | 1.85f | 0.025 | 0.015 |
| L625M/X90M | 0.10 | 0.55f | 2.10f | 0.020 | 0.010 |
| L690M/X100M | 0.10 | 0.55f | 2.10f | 0.020 | 0.010 |
| L830M/X120M | 0.10 | 0.55f | 2.10f | 0.020 | 0.010 |
| f.Unless otherwise agreed. | |||||
Physical requirements
| Grade | Seamless pipe and welded pipe | ||||
| Yield strength Rt0,5 MPa(psi) |
Tensile strength Rm Mpa(psi) |
Yield ratio Rt0,5/Rm |
|||
| MIN | MAX | MIN | MAX | MAX | |
| L245R/BR L245N/BN L245Q/BQ L245M/BM |
245 (35,500) |
450 (65,300) |
415 (60,200) |
655 (95,000) |
0.93 |
| L290R/X42R L290N/X42N L290Q/X42Q L290M/X42M |
290 (42,100) |
495 (71,800) |
415 (60,200) |
0.93 | |
| L320N/X46N L320Q/X46Q L320M/X46M |
320 (46,400) |
525 (76,100) |
435 (63,100) |
655 (95,000) |
0.93 |
| L360N/X52N L360Q/X52Q L360M/X52M |
360 (52,200) |
530 (76,900) |
460 (66,700) |
760 (110,200) |
0.93 |
| L390N/X56N L390Q/X56Q L390M/X56M |
390 (56,600) |
545 (79,000) |
490 (71,100) |
760 (110,200) |
0.93 |
| L415N/X60N L415Q/X60Q L415M/X60M |
415 (60,200) |
565 (81,900) |
520 (75,400) |
760 (110,200) |
0.93 |
| L450Q/X65Q L450M/X65M |
450 (65,300) |
600 (87,000) |
535 (77,600) |
760 (110,200) |
0.93 |
| L485Q/X70Q L485M/X70M |
485 (70,300) |
635 (92,100) |
570 (82,700) |
760 (110,200) |
0.93 |
| L555Q/X80Q L555M/X80M |
555 (80,500) |
705 (102,300) |
625 (90,600) |
825 (119,700) |
0.93 |
| L625M/X90M | 625 (90,600) |
775 (112,400) |
695 (100,800) |
915 (132,700) |
0.95 |
| L625Q/X90Q | 625 (90,600) |
775 (112,400) |
695 (100,800) |
915 (132,700) |
0.97g |
| L690M/X100M | 690b(100,100)b | 840b(121,800)b | 760 (110,200) |
990 (143,600) |
0.97h |
| L690Q/X100Q | 690b(100,100)b | 840b(121,800)b | 760 (110,200) |
990 (143,600) |
0.97h |
| L830M/X120M | 830b(120,400)b | 1050b(152,300)b | 915 (132,700) |
1145 (166,100) |
0.99h |
| b. For grades > L625 or X90, Rp0.2 applies. | |||||
| g. Lower values of Rt0.5/Rm may be specified by agreement. | |||||
| h. For grades > L625 or X90, Rp0.2 /Rm applies. Lower values of Rp0.2 /Rm may be specified by agreement. | |||||
Applications
Specific application scenarios for API 5L STEEL PIPE include:
1. Offshore oil platform construction
Used in the construction of offshore oil platforms such as Greece, X70 steel grade straight seam submerged arc welded pipe (LSAW) is used to support the platform structure.
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2. Long distance oil and gas pipeline system
It is widely used in medium and low pressure transportation of oil and natural gas, covering complex environment from land to seabed. For example, different steel grades such as X42 to X80 can meet different pressure and temperature requirements (e.g. X65 is often used in LNG projects).
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3. High pressure pipeline
API 5L steel tubes of high steel grade (e.g. X80) are used in high-pressure oil and gas transportation, such as transcontinental pipelines or deep sea oil and gas field development, requiring strict non-destructive testing (e.g. UT/RT) to ensure safety.
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4. Special environmental engineering
- Acidic environment: sulfur resistant steel (such as C110) should be used and marked with an "S" suffix.
- Low temperature scenario: Steel grade X65/X70 is suitable for gas transmission in extremely cold areas.
- Marine service: Steel pipes marked with the suffix "O" meet API 17D enhanced standards for offshore platform piping.
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5. Municipal and industrial pipelines
Some specifications (such as J55/N80) are also used in municipal water supply, gas pipelines and boiler systems, but attention should be paid to the distinction with structural steel pipes.
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